光伏电站气象观测数据质量检验与评估——以陕西为例

The Quality Inspection and Evaluation of Meteorological Observation Data for Photovoltaic Power Stations: A Case Study of Shaanxi Province

摘要:

利用地面辐射基准站网（BSRN）数据质控规范和国标《太阳能资源评估方法》、《风电场气象观测资料审核、插补与订正技术规范》对陕西省8个光伏电站太阳辐射及风温湿等4类共7项气象观测数据进行完整性和有效性检验，并将有效数据完整率划分为5个等级，对不同站点观测数据开展质量等级评估，结果表明：（1）辐射数据完整率高于风温湿的，从高到低总排序为总辐射﹥散射辐射﹥直接辐射﹥相对湿度﹥气温﹥风;（2）辐射有效数据完整率低于风温湿的，从高到低总排序为气温﹥相对湿度﹥风﹥总辐射﹥直接辐射﹥散射辐射，仅气温能达到国家标准；（3）3项辐射数据质量均较差，各站辐射数据质量达标（1-2级合计）仅为0%～12.5%，差与极差等级（4-5级合计）占比50%～75%；（4）风温湿观测数据总体质量分别为较差、较好、一般，达标率分别为25%、62.5%、50%，差与极差等级合计占比分别为50%、12.5%、37.5%；（5）辐射变差系数分析表明，莲花池等4站冬季辐射数据质量比夏季差，只有明硕站各月辐射数据质量相对稳定。

Abstract:

Based on the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) data quality control norm and the national standards such as "Assessment method of solar energy resource" and "Specification for data inspection and correction of wind power plant meteorological observation", a integrity and validity inspection was conducted on 7 items in 4 categories of meteorological observation data, including the solar radiation, the wind, the temperature and the relative humidity, for 8 photovoltaic power stations in Shaanxi Province. The integrity rate of the valid data was divided into 5 grades to assess the data quality. The results indicate that: (1) The integrity rate of radiation data is higher than that of wind, temperature and relative humidity. The overall ranking is total radiation > scattering radiation > direct radiation > relative humidity > temperature > wind. (2) The integrity rate of valid radiation data is lower than that of wind, temperature and relative humidity. The overall ranking is temperature > relative humidity > wind > total radiation > direct radiation > scattering radiation, with only the temperature meeting the national standard. (3) The data quality of the three radiation items is relatively poor. The total proportion of stations with radiation data quality meeting the national standard (combined grades 1-2) is only 0%-12.5%, and the proportion of poor and extremely poor grades (combined grades 4-5) account for 50%-75%. (4) The overall quality of the wind, temperature and relative humidity data is respectively poor, good, and average. The compliance rates are 25%, 62.5%, and 50% respectively, and the combined proportion of poor and extremely poor grades account for 50%, 12.5%, and 37.5% respectively. (5) The variation coefficient of radiation reveals that the radiation data quality of 4 stations such as Lianhuachi Station in winter is worse than that in summer. Only the radiation data quality of Mingshuo Station is relatively stable each month.