四川盆地周边山地夜间暴雨的特征与机理研究新进展

New Progress in Research on Characteristics and Mechanism of Night Rainstorm in Mountainous Areas around Sichuan Basin

摘要:

四川盆地降水的日变化极具特色,“巴山夜雨”的说法古已有之,但对于地形强降水日变化研究中的难点和颇具致灾性的山地暴雨日变化的研究尚不多见。本文从四川山地暴雨事件的气候特征、时空精细化分布(包括海拔依赖性)与合成特征、动力和热力结构及地形影响、边界层急流对水汽的输送、地面及大气热源的作用、西南低涡的同步贡献、中尺度对流系统的演变、地形重力波的影响等多个视角,综述了近年来在该研究领域取得的若干最新进展。最后指出了仍然存在的一些重要问题,并展望了未来的主攻方向。

Abstract:

The diurnal variation of precipitation in Sichuan Basin is very distinctive, and the saying "Bashan Night Rain" has existed in ancient times, but the research on the difficulties in the study of the diurnal variation of topographic heavy precipitation and the diurnal variation of disastrous mountain rainstorm is still rare. In this paper, several recent advances in the field of mountain rainstorm events in Sichuan are reviewed from the perspectives of climatic characteristics, spatio-temporal fine distribution (including dependence on altitude) and synthesis characteristics, and dynamic-thermal structures and topographic effects, the transport of water vapor by boundary layer jets, the role of surface and atmospheric heat sources, the Synchronous contribution of the Southwest Vortex, the evolution of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), and the impact of topographic gravity waves. Finally, some important issues that still exist were pointed out, and looked forward to the main research directions in the future.