大兴安岭地区人工增雨生态效应遥感评估

Evaluation of ecological effect of artificial precipitation stimulation in the Daxing'anling Prefecture based on Remote Sensing

摘要:

为了大范围精确的评估人工增雨作业对大兴安岭地区森林植被生态质量的恢复效益，基于EOS/MODIS逐月NDVI数据，依据光能利用率模型得到植被净初级生产力，结合植被覆盖度计算出植被生态质量指数，评估2012年以来开展的森林生态修复型人工影响天气作业的生态效应。研究表明：（1）2000—2022年生长季，森林植被生态质量状况整体呈改善趋势，评价等级为中等偏好的区域占整体的比例呈显著增加趋势。（2）2012年开展生态修复型人工增雨作业以来，作业的高频区、中频区和低频区的植被生态质量指数平均值分别较2000—2011年平均值偏高7.9%、5.5%和4.9%。通过遥感手段对大兴安岭地区人工增雨作业的生态效应进行评估，对未来该地区人工影响天气作业的实施及生态环境保护均具有指导意义。

Abstract:

In order to accurately evaluate the restoration benefits of artificial precipitation operations on the ecological quality of forest vegetation in the Daxing'anling Prefecture, the net primary productivity of vegetation was obtained according to the light energy utilization model based on monthly NDVI data from EOS/MODIS. Combined with vegetation coverage, the Vegetation Ecological Quality Index was calculated to evaluate the ecological effects of forest ecological restoration type artificial precipitation stimulation carried out since 2012. Results showed that: (1) during the growing season from 2000 to 2022, the overall ecological quality of forest vegetation showed an improvement trend. The proportion of regions with vegetation ecological quality evaluation grades of "good" and "medium" had shown a significant increasing trend. (2) the average values of forest Vegetation Ecological Quality Index in the high-frequency, medium-frequency and low-frequency areas of the artificial precipitation operation from 2012 to 2022 were 7.9 %, 5.5 % and 4.9 % higher than the average values from 2000 to 2011, respectively. Therefore, the artificial precipitation enhancement operation carried out in spring in the Daxing'anling Prefecture had a significant effect on forest vegetation restoration and ecological improvement.