基于变速度的广域闪电定位网误差的初步评估

Preliminary Evaluation of Network Deviation in Variable Velocity for Long-range Lightning Location Network

摘要:

为了评估变速度对甚低频广域闪电定位网探测性能的优化效果，本文对定位网核心区域内的站网误差进行了初步评估。分别使用变速度和光速对闪电进行定位与实际雷击事件进行对比，发现对每个测站取单独的变速度时，对闪电定位的优化效果最佳。分析网络核心区域内测站数量和布局对闪电定位的影响，发现六站同步以上定位结果的站网误差基本都能控制在3km以内。从与风云四号卫星云顶温度和雷达回波数据的叠加结果可以看出，定位网无论是对网络内部还是外部不同尺度的雷暴活动都拥有很好的识别效果，这表明经变速度算法优化后的定位网能够最大程度地降低因传播路径、测站数量和布局带来的定位误差，从而实现远距离、高精度的闪电定位。

Abstract:

To evaluate the optimization effect of variable speed on the detection performance of the Very low frequency long-range lightning location network, this paper presents a preliminary assessment of the station network error within the core area. By comparing lightning localization results obtained using variable speed versus the speed of light against actual lightning strikes, it is found that assigning an individual variable speed to each observation station achieves optimal lightning location accuracy. Further anal-ysis focuses on the impact of station quantity and layout within the network's core area, it reveals that the localization error can generally be contained within 3 km when synchronized by more than six stations. As evidenced by the superimposition results of lightning with Cloud Top Temperature and radar echoes, the location network exhibits excellent recognition of thunderstorm activities of different scales, both within and outside the network. This underscores the capability of the variable speed algorithm in minimizing location errors stemming from propagation paths, station quantity, and layout, thereby enabling long-range and high-precision lightning detection.